The FEMTOprint laser-based micro-machining technology can be used to locally increase the refractive index by a factor of 10-2 to 10-3.
It can help to create 3D waveguides within the bulk of the glass, a unique possibility for the design of optical circuits and photonic integrated systems. In particular, it is possible to fabricate single and multimode waveguides at telecom wavelengths (1310nm and 1550nm), as well as tapers, mode converters, fan-in/-out componnts, etc.